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Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a prevalent and potentially serious condition that affects the heart's blood vessels. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and risk factors is crucial for early detection and effective management. What is Coronary Artery Disease? Coronary artery disease , commonly known as atherosclerosis, develops when the blood vessels that deliver blood to the heart are narrowed or obstructed. The narrowing is usually due to the accumulation of plaque, which consists of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances, on the walls of the arteries. As time passes, this plaque buildup can impede blood flow to the heart, resulting in different complications such as heart attack and stroke. Causes of Coronary Artery Disease Coronary artery disease (CAD) is primarily caused by the gradual buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, the blood vessels that supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. This plaque consists of fatty deposits, cholesterol, calcium, and oth